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Indus Valley Civilization Art & Culture

Introduction Indus Valley art emerged during the second half of the third millennium BCE (i.e. from 2500 BC onwards). Forms of art: seals, pottery, sculpture, gold jewellery, terracotta figures, etc. The two major sites of this civilisation, Harappa and Mohenjodaro showcase excellent town planning as well, like houses, planned streets, public baths, drainage systems, storage facilities, etc. Harappa and Mohenjodaro are in Pakistan. Major sites in India are: Rakhigarhi (Haryana), Ropar (Punjab), Kalibangan and Balathal (Rajasthan), Lothal and Dholavira (Gujarat). Stone statues Two male statues in stone – the Bearded Man (priest-king) and a torso in red sandstone. Bearded man (Priest) Appears to be of a priest A shawl is draped over the left shoulder Slightly elongated eyes as if in half-meditation Well-formed nose, with a moustache, short beard and whiskers Wearing an armlet and probable other jewellery. Bronze casting The bronze statues found in Harappa were made by the technique calle...

Indus Valley Civilization (2500 BC)

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Indus Valley Civilization (2500 BC)  7 Quick Important facts on Indus Valley Civilization John Marshall was the first researcher to use the term, ‘Indus Valley Civilization’. Indus Valley Civilization spread from the year 2500 – 1750 BC according to radio-carbon dating. The most distinctive feature of the Harappan Civilisation was its urbanisation. Moreover, sheep and goats, dogs, humped cattle buffalo, and elephants were domesticated in the Indus Valley Civilization. The capital cities are Mohenjodaro and Harappa. The port cities are Sutkagendor, Balakot, Lothal, Allahdino, and Kuntasi. The Indus valley people were well-acquainted with the use of both cotton and wool. 7 Major Cities of Indus Valley Civilization Many cities belonging to Indus Valley Civilization have been found and excavated. Out of them, Archaeologists were able to find some of the major cities belonging to Indus Valley Civilization. The Below table gives the list of 7 major cities of Indus Valley Civilization Cit...

Indus Valley Civilization Notes

Indus Valley Civilization Notes  The Indus Valley Civilization was established around 3300 BC. It flourished between 2600 BC and 1900 BC (Mature Indus Valley Civilization). It started declining around 1900 BC and disappeared around 1400 BC. This is also called Harappan Civilization after the first city to be excavated, Harappa (Punjab, Pakistan). Pre-Harappan civilization has been found at Mehrgarh, Pakistan which shows the first evidence of cotton cultivation. Geographically, this civilization covered Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Western Uttar Pradesh. It extended from Sutkagengor (in Baluchistan) in the West to Alamgirpur (Western UP) in the East; and from Mandu (Jammu) in the North to Daimabad (Ahmednagar, Maharashtra) in the South. Some Indus Valley sites have also been found in as far away as Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Indus Valley Civilization Important Sites In India: Kalibangan (Rajasthan), Lothal, Dholavira, Rangpur, Surkotda (Gujarat), Banawali (H...