Transport & Communication Most imp topic for competition exams
Transport & Communication
1. The first train in the India started in 1853 between Mumbai and Thane (34 km)
2. Railways have been divided into 17 zones. A new 17th zone is Kolkata.
3. Indian Railway network is the largest in Asia and second largest in the world.
4. Indian Railway Board was established in March 1905.
5. Indian Railway was nationalised in 1950.
6. There are three types of train lines in India.
(a) Board Guage (1.67 m)
(b) Meter Guage (1.000 m)
(c) Narrow Guage (0.762-0.610 m)
7. The Management and government of Indian Railways in the hands of the Railway
Board.
8. The longest National highway in India is NH-7 (Varanasi to Kanyakumari)
9. West Bengal has the maximum road density.
10. Maharashtra has the maximum length of roads.
11. Headquarter of Northern area is in the New Delhi. In this area, there is a maximum length of Rail-Line.
12. Rail-Coach Factory established in January 2009 in Rai Bareli (Uttar Pradesh)
13. No Rail passes from ‘Meghalaya’.
14. Fairy queen is the oldest steam engine of the country which uses coal as fuel.
15. Samjhauta Express (Lahore – Attari) Thar Express (Mumbai – Khokhrapar).
16. These train services are between Indian and Pakistan.
17. Train service between Indian and Bangladesh in ‘Maitri Express’ (Kolkata to Dhaka).
18. There is total 77 National Highway in India.
19. Buses between India and Pakistan:-
(a) Sada-e-Sarhad (Delhi to Lahore)
(b) Karvan-e-Aman (Srinagar to Muzaffarabad)
20. World’s largest aeroplane A-380.
21. Airport authority of India was established on 1st April 1955.
22. Headquarters of Indian Airlines – New Delhi.
23. ‘Saras’ is the 1st passenger aeroplane made in India.
24. Almost 90% trade in India is through water-way.
25. Natural port – Mumbai and Kochin.
26. Kandla (Gujarat) – Tidal Port.
27. ‘Sagar Mala Pariyojana’ is related to the modernization and development of ports.
28. ‘Vivek Express’ India’s largest long-distance train (Dibrugarh to Kanyakumari, distance – 4286 km) this is also world’s Eighth longest train.
29. IRCTC Ltd. Was incorporated on 27 September 1999 as a Government Company.
30. Indian Railway has been converted the number of trains into 5 digits number since 20 December 2010.
Konkan Railway Plan
(i) In March 1990, Konkan Railway Plan was started. ( Konkan Railway Corporation
(ii) The rail route is between the states of Goa, Maharashtra, Karnataka Kerala.
(iii) This includes the 760 km distance between Apta (Maharashtra) and Mangalore (KA).
(iv) Konkan Railways ensures maximum speed of 160 km. per hour.
Road Transport
1. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched in December 2000.
2. National Highway Development Authority – 1998.
3. Pradhan Mantri Bharat Jodo Pariyojana was started on 14 January, 2004.
India’s National Water-way | Distance |
NW1 Allahabad to Haldia | 1620 km |
NW2 Sadia to Dhubri Patti NW3 Kollam to Kotapuram NW4 Kakinada to Markanam | 891 km 168 km 1100 km |
Railway new production units:
(i) Rail coach factory (Rae Bareilly)
(ii) Coach Factory (Kanchrapara)
(iii) Electric Locomotive Factory ( Madhepura)
(iv) Rail Wheel Factory (Chhapra)
(v) Ancillary Units (Dankuni)
Train | States |
(i) Heritage on Wheel | – Rajasthan |
(ii) Place on Wheel | – Rajasthan |
(iii) Maharaja Express | – Delhi – Mumbai, Delhi – Kolkata |
(iv) Bauddha Luxury Train | – UP |
Major Ports in India
West Coast Line | East Coast Line |
1. Mumbai (Maharashtra) | Kolkata/Haldia (Kolkata) |
2. Jawaharlal Nehru at Nhava Shera (M Maharashtra) | Paradeep (Odisha) |
3. Kandla (Gujarat) | Vishakhapatnam (A.P.) |
4. Marmugao (Goa) | Chennai (Tamil Nadu) |
5. New Mangalore (Karnataka) | Ennore (Tamil Nadu) |
6. Cochin (Kerala) | Tuticorin (Tamil Nadu) |
7. Port Blair (Andaman and Nicobar) |
1. The Two Airport authorities – National Airport Authority (NAA) and International Airport Authority of India (IAAI) have been merged April 1 1995 as a new organisation named as an Airport Authority of India (AAI).
2. Greenfield Airports in the North-Eastern Region are Cheitu (Nagaland) and Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh).
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