Important Facts About Bihar
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Exams like SSC CHSL, SSC CGL, SSC MTS, IBPS PO, IBPS Clerk, IBPS SO, IPPB Sc. I, LIC AAO, etc. consist of a lot of questions related to India and its states in their exams. A major part of General Awareness section is based on Indian states. Therefore it is important that you know the information about the states well. Our latest GK Notes series – ‘Know your State’, will help you learn major facts, global importance, and culture of every state. This particular article will help you learn everything about Bihar in one glance.
Read the complete article to find out the history, economy, geographical significance, flora & fauna, important sites, tourist attractions, etc. about Bihar. You can also download this article as PDF to keep it handy.
Important Facts About Bihar
| Bihar | |
| Capital & Important Cities | PatnaGaya, Muzaffarpur, Bhagalpur, Aurangabad, Buxar, Champaran (East, West) |
| Districts | 38 |
| Formed On | 1 April 1936– Bihar remained a part of the Bengal Presidency of British India until 1912 when the province of Bihar and Orissa was carved out as a separate province. – Under the Government of India Act of 1935, the Division of Orissa became a separate province. – On November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand |
| Language | Hindi |
| Known As/For | – Birthplace of Buddhism and Jainism – The capital state of Mauryan dynasty (Magadh) – Indian state with the least literacy rate – Bicameral legislature – Almost 58% of the people in Bihar are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people of any Indian state -The top litchi producing State in the country |
| Physical Characteristics | The Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganga which flows through the middle from west to east |
| Natural Vegetation | Tropical moist deciduous, tropical dry deciduous, sun-tropical and temperate |
| Major Rivers | – Ganga flowing from the Gangotri Glacier to the Bay of Bengal – Kosi flowing from Tribenighat, Nepal to the Ganga (Kursela, Bihar) – Gandak flowing from the Nhubine Glacier, Nepal to the Ganga (Sonepur) – Son originates near Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh and joins the Ganga near Patna |
| Major Regional Festivals | Navratri, chhath, teej, bihula, Vikram shila, Sasaram, Madhubani |
| Major Art Forms | Jhumarnach, seraikella chhau, Patna Qalam, Patna School of Painting, Madhubani paintings |
| Industry | Cotton spinning mills, Sugar mills, Jute mills and Leather industry |
| Minerals | Limonite, Kaolin, Limestone, Mica, Fuller’s earth |
| Agriculture | Rice, wheat, maize, pulses, oilseeds, tobacco, jute, onions, chillies and potato |
| Geographical Indications | Madhubani paintings, Sujini Embroidery Work, Khatwa, Bhagalpur Silk |
| State Animal | Ox |
| State Bird | Sparrow |
| State Flower | Marigold |
| Important Historical Sites | Bodh Gaya, Caves in the Kaimur range, Lauriya-Nandan Garh in the district of West Champaran, Munger, Vaishali, Vikramshila, Golhar, Nalanda University ruins, Sonbhandar Caves |
| World Heritage Sites | Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya, Nalanda |
| Ramsar Sites | — |
| Biodiversity Hotspots | — |
| Bird Sanctuaries | Kanwar Lake BS |
| National Parks | Valmiki NP |
| Biosphere Reserve | — |
| Wildlife Sanctuaries | – Barela Jheel Salim Ali Bird WS – Bhimbandh WS -Gautam Budha WS -Kanwarjheel WS -Kaimur WS -Kusheshwar Asthan Bird WS -Nagi Dam WS -Nakti Dam WS -Pant (Rajgir) WS -Udaipur WS -Valmiki WS -Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin WS |
| Tiger Reserve | Valmiki Tiger Reserve |
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